Climate change is no longer just an environmental issue—it has become a matter of national security. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and resource scarcity directly affect defense preparedness and stability. For SSB aspirants, this topic is a chance to show awareness of global challenges, strategic thinking, and solution‑oriented leadership.
Positive Side (Why Climate Change is a Security Concern)
- Border Tensions: Melting glaciers and shifting rivers can alter boundaries, sparking disputes.
- Resource Scarcity: Water and food shortages may lead to internal unrest or cross‑border conflicts.
- Disaster Response: Armed forces are increasingly deployed for flood relief, cyclone rescue, and earthquake recovery.
- Migration & Refugees: Climate‑induced displacement can strain national resources and security.
- Global Cooperation: Tackling climate change requires defense diplomacy and international collaboration.
Negative Side (Counterpoints & Challenges)
- Resource Diversion: Excessive focus on climate issues may divert funds from core defense modernization.
- Unpredictability: Climate change effects are uncertain, making long‑term planning difficult.
- Technological Gaps: Developing eco‑friendly defense systems requires high investment.
- Skepticism: Some argue climate change is exaggerated and not an immediate defense priority.
Officer‑Like Perspective
- Climate change is a force multiplier of threats—it worsens existing challenges like terrorism, insurgency, and border disputes.
- Future officers must be prepared for dual roles: defending borders and supporting disaster management.
- Balanced leadership means acknowledging climate risks while ensuring defense modernization continues.
Conclusion
Climate change is inseparable from national security. India’s armed forces must adapt to new realities, combining traditional defense with environmental awareness. Aspirants should conclude GD with a forward‑looking stance:
“Climate change is not just an environmental issue—it is a strategic challenge. Our defense forces must be climate‑ready to safeguard national security.
Practice GD Questions for Aspirants
- How does climate change directly affect India’s national security?
- Should defense budgets allocate funds for climate adaptation?
- Can armed forces play a bigger role in disaster management?
- Is climate change a bigger threat than terrorism in the 21st century?
- How can India balance defense modernization with eco‑friendly initiatives?
